rcp45 is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 4.1 rcp45 (4.1 RCP4.5): Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP4.5. RCP4.5 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 4.5 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. RCPs are time-dependent, consistent projections of emissions and concentrations of radiatively active gases and particles. Experiment design is described in detail in https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html and the list of output variables and their temporal resolutions are given in https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html . The output is stored in netCDF format as time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution. For more information on the Earth System model and the simulation please refer to the CIM repository. There are five component models: atmosphere, surface land, ocean, sea ice and surface wave models.

rcp85 is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 4.2 rcp85 (4.2 RCP8.5) - Version 1: Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP8.5. RCP8.5 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 8.5 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. RCPs are time-dependent, consistent projections of emissions and concentrations of radiatively active gases and particles. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc . There are five component models: atmosphere, surface land, ocean, sea ice and surface wave models.

rcp26 is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 4.3 rcp26 (4.3 RCP2.6) - Version 1: Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP2.6. RCP2.6 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 2.6 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc . There are five component models: atmosphere, surface land, ocean, sea ice and surface wave models.

'historical' is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 3.2 historical (3.2 Historical): Simulation of recent past (1850 to 2005). Impose changing conditions (consistent with observations). Experiment design is described in detail in https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html and the list of output variables and their temporal resolutions are given in https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html . The output is stored in netCDF format as time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution. For more information on the Earth System model and the simulation please refer to the CIM repository. There are five component models: atmosphere, surface land, ocean, sea ice and surface wave models.

piControl is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5 ). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 3.1 piControl (3.1 Pre-Industrial Control) - Version 1: Pre-Industrial coupled atmosphere/ocean control run. Imposes non-evolving pre-industrial conditions. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax ( https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf ) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc . There are five component models: atmosphere, surface land, ocean, sea ice and surface wave models.

"rcp60" is an experiment of the CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5). CMIP5 is meant to provide a framework for coordinated climate change experiments for the next five years and thus includes simulations for assessment in the AR5 as well as others that extend beyond the AR5. 4.4 rcp60 (4.4 RCP6) - Version 1: Future projection (2006-2100) forced by RCP6. RCP6 is a representative concentration pathway which approximately results in a radiative forcing of 6 W m-2 at year 2100, relative to pre-industrial conditions. Experiment design: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/experiment_design.html List of output variables: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/datadescription.html Output: time series per variable in model grid spatial resolution in netCDF format Earth System model and the simulation information: CIM repository Entry name/title of data are specified according to the Data Reference Syntax (https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/mips/cmip5/docs/cmip5_data_reference_syntax.pdf) as activity/product/institute/model/experiment/frequency/modeling realm/MIP table/ensemble member/version number/variable name/CMOR filename.nc. There are five component models: atmosphere, surface land, ocean, sea ice and surface wave models.

These data include the subset used by IPCC AR6 WGI authors of the datasets originally published in ESGF for 'CMIP6.CMIP.FIO-QLNM.FIO-ESM-2-0' with the full Data Reference Syntax following the template 'mip_era.activity_id.institution_id.source_id.experiment_id.member_id.table_id.variable_id.grid_label.version'. The FIO-ESM 2.0 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components: aerosol: Prescribed monthly fields, atmos: CAM4 (0.9x1.25 finite volume grid; 192 x 288 longitude/latitude; 26 levels; top level ~2 hPa), land: CLM4.0 (same grid at atmos), ocean: POP2-W (POP2 coupled with MASNUM surface wave model, Displaced Pole; 320 x 384 longitude/latitude; 60 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), seaIce: CICE4.0 (same grid as ocean). The model was run by the FIO (First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China), QNLM (Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China) (FIO-QLNM) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, land: 100 km, ocean: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km.

These data include the subset used by IPCC AR6 WGI authors of the datasets originally published in ESGF for 'CMIP6.CMIP.FIO-QLNM.FIO-ESM-2-0.historical' with the full Data Reference Syntax following the template 'mip_era.activity_id.institution_id.source_id.experiment_id.member_id.table_id.variable_id.grid_label.version'. The FIO-ESM 2.0 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components: aerosol: Prescribed monthly fields, atmos: CAM4 (0.9x1.25 finite volume grid; 192 x 288 longitude/latitude; 26 levels; top level ~2 hPa), land: CLM4.0 (same grid at atmos), ocean: POP2-W (POP2 coupled with MASNUM surface wave model, Displaced Pole; 320 x 384 longitude/latitude; 60 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), seaIce: CICE4.0 (same grid as ocean). The model was run by the FIO (First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China), QNLM (Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China) (FIO-QLNM) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, land: 100 km, ocean: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km.

These data include the subset used by IPCC AR6 WGI authors of the datasets originally published in ESGF for 'CMIP6.CMIP.FIO-QLNM.FIO-ESM-2-0.amip' with the full Data Reference Syntax following the template 'mip_era.activity_id.institution_id.source_id.experiment_id.member_id.table_id.variable_id.grid_label.version'. The FIO-ESM 2.0 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components: aerosol: Prescribed monthly fields, atmos: CAM4 (0.9x1.25 finite volume grid; 192 x 288 longitude/latitude; 26 levels; top level ~2 hPa), land: CLM4.0 (same grid at atmos), ocean: POP2-W (POP2 coupled with MASNUM surface wave model, Displaced Pole; 320 x 384 longitude/latitude; 60 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), seaIce: CICE4.0 (same grid as ocean). The model was run by the FIO (First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China), QNLM (Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China) (FIO-QLNM) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, land: 100 km, ocean: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km.

These data include the subset used by IPCC AR6 WGI authors of the datasets originally published in ESGF for 'CMIP6.ScenarioMIP.FIO-QLNM.FIO-ESM-2-0' with the full Data Reference Syntax following the template 'mip_era.activity_id.institution_id.source_id.experiment_id.member_id.table_id.variable_id.grid_label.version'. The FIO-ESM 2.0 climate model, released in 2018, includes the following components: aerosol: Prescribed monthly fields, atmos: CAM4 (0.9x1.25 finite volume grid; 192 x 288 longitude/latitude; 26 levels; top level ~2 hPa), land: CLM4.0 (same grid at atmos), ocean: POP2-W (POP2 coupled with MASNUM surface wave model, Displaced Pole; 320 x 384 longitude/latitude; 60 levels; top grid cell 0-10 m), seaIce: CICE4.0 (same grid as ocean). The model was run by the FIO (First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China), QNLM (Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China) (FIO-QLNM) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, land: 100 km, ocean: 100 km, seaIce: 100 km.