Tree Species - Sentinel-1/2 - Germany, 2022

The Tree Species Germany product provides a map of dominant tree species across Germany for the year 2022 at a spatial resolution of 10 meters. The map depicts the distribution of ten tree species groups derived from multi-temporal optical Sentinel-2 data, radar data from Sentinel-1, and a digital elevation model. The input features explicitly incorporate phenological information to capture seasonal vegetation dynamics relevant for species discrimination. A total of over 80,000 training and test samples were compiled from publicly accessible sources, including urban tree inventories, Google Earth Pro, Google Street View, and field observations. The final classification was generated using an XGBoost machine learning algorithm. The Tree Species Germany product achieves an overall F1-score of 0.89. For the dominant species pine, spruce, beech, and oak, class-wise F1-scores range from 0.76 to 0.98, while F1-scores for other widespread species such as birch, alder, larch, Douglas fir, and fir range from 0.88 to 0.96. The product provides a consistent, high-resolution, and up-to-date representation of tree species distribution across Germany. Its transferable, cost-efficient, and repeatable methodology enables reliable large-scale forest monitoring and offers a valuable basis for assessing spatial patterns and temporal changes in forest composition in the context of ongoing climatic and environmental dynamics.
 
Citation proposal
German Aerospace Center (DLR). Tree Species - Sentinel-1/2 - Germany, 2022. https://gdk.gdi-de.org/geonetwork/srv/api/records/4f5d5933-250e-493a-9fea-cd1b7c967e6a
 

Simple

Date ( Creation )
2025-07-10T00:00:00
Edition
Identifier
https://geoservice.dlr.de/catalogue/srv/metadata/4f5d5933-250e-493a-9fea-cd1b7c967e6a
Presentation form
Digital map
Other citation details
DOI: 10.15489/smh8w3j8i962
Purpose
The Tree Species Germany product represents the distribution of dominant tree species across Germany for the year 2022 at a spatial resolution of 10 meters.
Status
Completed

  Author

  Point of contact

Maintenance and update frequency
As needed
GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 ( Theme )
  • Land cover
Spatial scope ( Place )
Keywords
  • DLR
  • EOC
  • forest
  • tree species
  • machine learning
  • time-series
  • Sentinel-2
  • Sentinel-1
  • Germany
  • opendata
Use limitation
Nutzungseinschränkungen: Das DLR ist nicht haftbar für Schäden, die sich aus der Nutzung ergeben. / Use Limitations: DLR not liable for damage resulting from use.
Access constraints
Other restrictions
Use constraints
Other restrictions
Other constraints
Nutzungsbedingungen: Lizenz, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Terms of use: License, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Other constraints

{"id": "cc-by-4.0",

"name": "Creative-Commons - Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)",

"url": "http://dcat-ap.de/def/licenses/cc-by/4.0",

"quelle": "Copyright DLR (2025)"}

Spatial representation type
Grid
Denominator
20000
Metadata language
English
Character set
UTF8
Topic category
  • Biota
N
S
E
W


Number of dimensions
2
Dimension name
Column
Dimension size
65270
Resolution
10  m
Dimension name
Row
Dimension size
88222
Resolution
10  m
Cell geometry
Area
Transformation parameter availability
false
Distribution format
  • GeoTIFF ()

OnLine resource
HTTP download Tree Species Germany  

HTTP download Tree Species Germany

OnLine resource
https://geoservice.dlr.de/eoc/land/wms?SERVICE=WMS&REQUEST=GetCapabilities  
OnLine resource
TREE_SPECIES_DE_2022  

Tree Species - Sentinel-1/2 - Germany, 2022

OnLine resource
Scientific publication  

Scientific publication

OnLine resource
EOC Geoservice Dataset  

EOC Geoservice Dataset

Hierarchy level
Dataset

Domain consistency

Measure identification
INSPIRE / Conformity_001

Conformance result

Date ( Publication )
2010-12-08
Explanation
See the referenced specification.
Pass
true
Statement
Input data: Sentinel-2, -1, Copernicus GLO-30 DEM
Description

ML Random Forest and XGBoost

Accuracy information: F1-Score of 0.89

gmd:MD_Metadata

File identifier
4f5d5933-250e-493a-9fea-cd1b7c967e6a   XML
Metadata language
English
Character set
UTF8
Hierarchy level
Dataset
Hierarchy level name
Dataset
Date stamp
2025-07-25T09:01:16
Metadata standard name
ISO 19115-1:2014/19139

  Point of contact

 
 

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