Tree Species - Sentinel-1/2 - Germany, 2022

The Tree Species Germany product provides a map of dominant tree species across Germany for the year 2022 at a spatial resolution of 10 meters. The map depicts the distribution of ten tree species groups derived from multi-temporal optical Sentinel-2 data, radar data from Sentinel-1, and a digital elevation model. The input features explicitly incorporate phenological information to capture seasonal vegetation dynamics relevant for species discrimination. A total of over 80,000 training and test samples were compiled from publicly accessible sources, including urban tree inventories, Google Earth Pro, Google Street View, and field observations. The final classification was generated using an XGBoost machine learning algorithm. The Tree Species Germany product achieves an overall F1-score of 0.89. For the dominant species pine, spruce, beech, and oak, class-wise F1-scores range from 0.76 to 0.98, while F1-scores for other widespread species such as birch, alder, larch, Douglas fir, and fir range from 0.88 to 0.96. The product provides a consistent, high-resolution, and up-to-date representation of tree species distribution across Germany. Its transferable, cost-efficient, and repeatable methodology enables reliable large-scale forest monitoring and offers a valuable basis for assessing spatial patterns and temporal changes in forest composition in the context of ongoing climatic and environmental dynamics.
 
Citation proposal
German Aerospace Center (DLR). Tree Species - Sentinel-1/2 - Germany, 2022. https://gdk.gdi-de.org/geonetwork/srv/api/records/4f5d5933-250e-493a-9fea-cd1b7c967e6a
 

INSPIRE

Identification

File identifier
4f5d5933-250e-493a-9fea-cd1b7c967e6a   XML
Hierarchy level
Dataset
Online resource
Protocol
WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
Protocol
OGC:WMS-http-get-capabilities
Protocol
OGC:WMS
Protocol
WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
Protocol
WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
Resource identifier
code
https://geoservice.dlr.de/catalogue/srv/metadata/4f5d5933-250e-493a-9fea-cd1b7c967e6a
Metadata language
English
Spatial representation type
Grid
Encoding
Format
GeoTIFF
Projection
 

Classification of data and services

Topic category
  • Biota
 

Classification of data and services

Coupled resource
Coupled resource
 
 

Classification of data and services

Coupled resource
Coupled resource
 
 

Keywords

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 ( Theme )
  • Land cover
Spatial scope ( Place )
Other keywords
Keywords
  • DLR
  • EOC
  • forest
  • tree species
  • machine learning
  • time-series
  • Sentinel-2
  • Sentinel-1
  • Germany
  • opendata
 
 

Geographic coverage

N
S
E
W


 

Temporal reference

Temporal extent
Temporal extent
Date ( Creation )
2025-07-10T00:00:00
 

Quality and validity

Lineage
Input data: Sentinel-2, -1, Copernicus GLO-30 DEM
Denominator
20000
 

Conformity

Conformity
Conformity
 

Conformity

Conformity
Conformity
Explanation
See the referenced specification.
 

Restrictions on access and use

Access constraints
Nutzungsbedingungen: Lizenz, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Terms of use: License, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Access constraints

{"id": "cc-by-4.0",

"name": "Creative-Commons - Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)",

"url": "http://dcat-ap.de/def/licenses/cc-by/4.0",

"quelle": "Copyright DLR (2025)"}

 

Restrictions on access and use

 

Responsible organization (s)

Contact for the resource
Organisation name
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Email
Marco.Wegler@dlr.de
Organisation name
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Email
geoservice@dlr.de
 

Responsible organization (s)

Contact for the resource
Organisation name
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Email
Marco.Wegler@dlr.de
Organisation name
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Email
geoservice@dlr.de
 

Metadata information

Contact for the metadata
Organisation name
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Email
geoservice@dlr.de
Date stamp
2025-07-25T09:01:16
Metadata language
English
Character set
UTF8
 
 

SDS

Conformance class 1: invocable

Access Point URL
Endpoint URL
Technical specification
 

Conformance class 2: interoperable

Coordinate reference system
 
Quality of Service
 
Access constraints
Limitation
 
Use constraints
Limitation
 
Responsible custodian
Contact for the resource
 
 

Conformance class 3: harmonized

 
 

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  Associated resources

Not available