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  World Settlement Footprint (WSF) 2019 - Sentinel-1/2 - Global

The World Settlement Footprint (WSF) 2019 is a 10m resolution binary mask outlining the extent of human settlements globally derived by means of 2019 multitemporal Sentinel-1 (S1) and Sentinel-2 (S2) imagery. Based on the hypothesis that settlements generally show a more stable behavior with respect to most land-cover classes, temporal statistics are calculated for both S1- and S2-based indices. In particular, a comprehensive analysis has been performed by exploiting a number of reference building outlines to identify the most suitable set of temporal features (ultimately including 6 from S1 and 25 from S2). Training points for the settlement and non-settlement class are then generated by thresholding specific features, which varies depending on the 30 climate types of the well-established Köppen Geiger scheme. Next, binary classification based on Random Forest is applied and, finally, a dedicated post-processing is performed where ancillary datasets are employed to further reduce omission and commission errors. Here, the whole classification process has been entirely carried out within the Google Earth Engine platform. To assess the high accuracy and reliability of the WSF2019, two independent crowd-sourcing-based validation exercises have been carried out with the support of Google and Mapswipe, respectively, where overall 1M reference labels have been collected based photointerpretation of very high-resolution optical imagery.
 
Citation proposal
Mattia Marconcini (German Aerospace Center (DLR)). World Settlement Footprint (WSF) 2019 - Sentinel-1/2 - Global. https://gdk.gdi-de.org/geonetwork/srv/api/records/cbc6cb05-1245-41f9-a866-051119441187
 

Simple

Date ( Creation )
2021-11-01T00:00:00
Edition
Identifier
https://geoservice.dlr.de/catalogue/srv/metadata/cbc6cb05-1245-41f9-a866-051119441187
Presentation form
Digital map
Other citation details
DOI: 10.15489/twg5xsnquw84
Purpose
The main objective of the World Settlement Footprint project is to depict the globals settlement extent.
Status
Completed

  Point of contact

German Aerospace Center (DLR) - ( )  

  Author

German Aerospace Center (DLR) - Mattia Marconcini  

  Point of contact

DLR/EOC Land Surface Dynamics - WSF Team  

  Point of contact

German Aerospace Center (DLR) - EOC Geoservice  

Maintenance and update frequency
As needed
Keywords
  • opendata
  • global
  • urbanization
  • land
  • global settlement extent
  • Sentinel-1
  • Sentinel-2
  • inspireidentifiziert
GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 ( Theme )
  • Land cover
Use limitation
Nutzungseinschränkungen: Das DLR ist nicht haftbar für Schäden, die sich aus der Nutzung ergeben. / Use Limitations: DLR not liable for damage resulting from use.
Access constraints
Other restrictions
Use constraints
Other restrictions
Other constraints
Nutzungsbedingungen: Lizenz, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 / terms of use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Other constraints

{"id": "cc-by/4.0",

"name": "Creative Commons Namensnennung – 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)",

"url": "http://dcat-ap.de/def/licenses/cc-by/4.0",

"quelle": "Copyright DLR (2021)"}

Spatial representation type
Grid
Denominator
20000
Metadata language
English
Character set
UTF8
Topic category
  • Imagery base maps earth cover
N
S
E
W


Supplemental Information
Number of dimensions
2
Dimension name
Column
Dimension size
4007726
Resolution
10  m
Dimension name
Row
Dimension size
1536433
Resolution
10  m
Cell geometry
Area
Transformation parameter availability
false
Distribution format
  • GeoTIFF ()

OnLine resource
EOC Geoservice Dataset  

EOC Geoservice Dataset

OnLine resource
WSF_2019  

World Settlement Footprint 2019

OnLine resource
https://geoservice.dlr.de/eoc/land/wms?SERVICE=WMS%26REQUEST=GetCapabilities  
OnLine resource
EOC Geoservice Map Context  

EOC Geoservice Map Context

OnLine resource
EOC Download Service  

EOC Download Service

OnLine resource
EOC STAC Collection  

EOC STAC Collection

OnLine resource
World Settlement Footprint - DLR News  

World Settlement Footprint - DLR News

Hierarchy level
Dataset

Domain consistency

Measure identification
INSPIRE / Conformity_001

Conformance result

Date ( Publication )
2010-12-08
Explanation
See the referenced specification
Pass
true
Statement
The WSF2019 has been generated by means of an advanced classification system which jointly exploits open-and-free optical and radar satellite imagery acquired for the year 2019. In particular, ~286K Sentinel-1 and ~2M Sentinel-2 scenes have been processed, respectively.
Description

World Settlement Footprint - WSF2019 Processing:

Processing:

First, suitable temporal features are generated out of radar Sentinel-1 and optical Sentinel-2 data. Next, training points for the settlement and non-settlement class are derived by thresholding a subset of these, which varies depending on the corresponding Köppen Geiger climate type. Binary Random Forest classification is then applied and a dedicated post-processing is finally performed where ancillary datasets are used to further reduce omission and commission errors.

Quality Assurance:

The WSF2019 has been validated against 1M ground-truth samples collected – with the support of Google and Mapswipe - by crowdsourcing photointerpretation of reference very high-resolution satellite imagery. To this purpose a statistically robust and transparent protocol has been defined following recommended state-of-the-art practices.

gmd:MD_Metadata

File identifier
cbc6cb05-1245-41f9-a866-051119441187   XML
Metadata language
English
Character set
UTF8
Hierarchy level
Dataset
Hierarchy level name
Dataset
Date stamp
2025-02-03T09:13:59
Metadata standard name
19115-1:2014/19139
Metadata standard version
2003/Cor.1:2006

  Point of contact

German Aerospace Center (DLR)  

 
 

  Overviews

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  Provided by

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  • INSPIRE
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cbc6cb05-1245-41f9-a866-051119441187   Access to the portal Read here the full details and access to the data.

  Associated resources

Not available


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