Station altitude is 43 m, the launch site is located 25 m higher at 68 m above sea level. The first row of each sounding holds surface data for TTT, RH, ff and dd, which is not acquired by the radiosonde. The measuring height of TTT and RH is 2m, and 10m for dd and ff.

A consistent meteorological dataset of the Arctic site Ny-Ålesund (11.9°E, 78.9°N) spanning the 18-year-period 1 August 1993 to 31 July 2011 is presented. Instrumentation and data handling of temperature, humidity, wind and pressure measurements are described in detail. Monthly mean values are shown for all years to illustrate the interannual variablity of the different parameter. Climatological mean values are given for temperature, humidity and pressure. From the climatological dataset, we also present the time series of annual mean temperature and humidity, revealing a temperature increase of +1.35 K per decade and an increase in water vapor mixing ratio of +0.22 g/kg per decade for the given time period, respectively. With the continuation of the presented measurements, the Ny-Ålesund high resolution time series will provide a reliable source to monitor Arctic change and retrieve trends in the future. The relevant data are provided in high temporal resolution as averages over 5 [1] minutes before [after] 14 July 1998, respectively, placed on the PANGAEA repository (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.793046). While synoptic observations by the Norwegian Meteorological Institute reach back to 1935 (Førland et al., 2011), the meteorological data presented here cover a shorter time period, but their high temporal resolution will be of value for atmospheric process studies on shorter time scales.

Since 1992, the meteorological observatory Neumayer continuously operates a ceilometer to monitor cloud ceiling above the station. This dataset comprises the lowest detected cloud level from the instruments. All cloud base height readings are above surface. The datasets compiled here are published in the frame of BSRN. New data will be added regularly. The data are subject to the data release guidelines of BSRN (https://bsrn.awi.de/data/conditions-of-data-release/).

The meteorological observatory Neumayer typically launches one radiosonde per day around 12UTC. At least weekly the sonde has an ozone sensor attached. Sondes are released from the roof of the station building. The measurement interval of the raw data is typically 1s. Data is quality controlled: Erroneous data is removed (technical issues). Partial pressure ozone is manually validated for plausibility.

The meteorological observatory Neumayer typically launches one radiosonde per day around 12UTC. At least weekly the sonde has an ozone sensor attached. Sondes are released from the roof of the station building. The measurement interval of the raw data is typically 1s. Data is quality controlled: Erroneous data is removed (technical issues). Partial pressure ozone is manually validated for plausibility.

Since 1981, meteorological synoptical observations are carried out every 3 hours at Neumayer Station. The reports are distritubed via global networks of the World Meteorological Organisation. Typically, at least all observations made from 09 UTC till 00 UTC each day are performed by an observer, hence manual observations are included in the reports. For times that are not covered by an observer automatic reports are issued. All observations are made in compliance with standards of the World Meteorological Organisation and those of the German Weather Service (DWD). This compilation of all synoptical reports from Neumayer station contains all datasets that were and are created from the Neumayer observations. It is the most complete dataset of meteorological data from the station. New data will be added regularly. The data are subject to the data release guidelines of BSRN (https://bsrn.awi.de/data/conditions-of-data-release/).

The meteorological observatory Neumayer typically launches one radiosonde per day around 12UTC. At least weekly the sonde has an ozone sensor attached. Sondes are released from the roof of the station building. The measurement interval of the raw data is typically 1s. Data is quality controlled: Erroneous data is removed (technical issues). Partial pressure ozone is manually validated for plausibility.