CHELSA_v1.1 (http://chelsa-climate.org/) is a high resolution (30 arc sec, ~1 km) climate data set for the earth land surface areas. It includes monthly and annual mean temperature and precipitation patterns as well as derived bioclimatic and interannual parameters for the time period 1979-2013. CHELSA_v1.1 is based on a quasi-mechanistical statistical downscaling of the ERA interim global circulation model (http://www.ecmwf.int/en/research/climate-reanalysis/era-interim) with a GPCC (https://www.dwd.de/EN/ourservices/gpcc/gpcc.html) and GHCN (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/ghcnm/) bias correction.

CHELSA_v1.0 (http://chelsa-climate.org/) is a high resolution (30 arc sec, ~1 km) climate data set for the earth land surface areas. Version 1.0 is a first release. It includes monthly and annual mean temperature and precipitation patterns for the time period 1979-2013. CHELSA_v1 is based on a quasi-mechanistical statistical downscaling of the ERA interim global circulation model (http://www.ecmwf.int/en/research/climate-reanalysis/era-interim) with a GPCC (https://www.dwd.de/EN/ourservices/gpcc/gpcc.html) and GHCN (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/ghcnm/) bias correction. Specifications: High resolution (30 arcsec, ~1 km) Precipitation & Temperature Monthly coverage 1979 - 2013 Incorporation of topoclimate (e.g. orographic rainfall & wind fields). Downscaled ERA-interim model. Allows calculation of derived parameters based on monthly values such as length of dry periods etc.

CHELSA_v1.0 (http://chelsa-climate.org/) is a high resolution (30 arc sec, ~1 km) climate data set for the earth land surface areas. Version 1.0 is a first release. It includes monthly and annual mean temperature and precipitation patterns for the time period 1979-2013. CHELSA_v1 is based on a quasi-mechanistical statistical downscaling of the ERA interim global circulation model (http://www.ecmwf.int/en/research/climate-reanalysis/era-interim) with a GPCC (https://www.dwd.de/EN/ourservices/gpcc/gpcc.html) and GHCN (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/ghcnm/) bias correction. Specifications: High resolution (30 arcsec, ~1 km) Precipitation & Temperature Monthly coverage 1979 - 2013 Incorporation of topoclimate (e.g. orographic rainfall & wind fields). Downscaled ERA-interim model. Allows calculation of derived parameters based on monthly values such as length of dry periods etc.

CHELSA_v1.1 (http://chelsa-climate.org/) is a high resolution (30 arc sec, ~1 km) climate data set for the earth land surface areas. It includes monthly and annual mean temperature and precipitation patterns as well as derived bioclimatic and interannual parameters for the time period 1979-2013. CHELSA_v1.1 is based on a quasi-mechanistical statistical downscaling of the ERA interim global circulation model (http://www.ecmwf.int/en/research/climate-reanalysis/era-interim) with a GPCC (https://www.dwd.de/EN/ourservices/gpcc/gpcc.html) and GHCN (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/ghcnm/) bias correction.

Annual maxima of sub-daily precipitation were extracted from each of 35 members of a EURO-CORDEX ensemble with a spatial resolution of 0.11° (EURO-CORDEX: https://www.euro-cordex.net/). Precipitation durations range from 1 to 72 hours. Regional Climate Models (RCMs) involved are: ALADIN63,COSMO, HadREM3, RCA4, RegCM4-6, and REMO2015. For each member, we considered both historical (1950-2005) and future (2006-2100) RCP8.5 scenarios. In EURO-CORDEX, different RCMs can have (slightly) different grids and some RCMs (e.g. ALADIN63 and RegCM4-6) have a much different domain. For each RCM the correct bounds are given in the corresponding dataset. In contrast, the bounds given in the Experiment are smaller and can be found on the EURO-CORDEX website: https://euro-cordex.net/060374/index.php.en A new version exists now. In Version 2, we supplemented the original dataset from Version 1 with the regridded data in a common grid. We also added evaluation runs (where available) and useful variables such as “surface elevation” (orog) and “land surface fraction” (sftlf) to all NetCDF files.

Annual maxima of sub-daily precipitation were extracted from each of 35 members of a EURO-CORDEX ensemble with a spatial resolution of 0.11° (EURO-CORDEX: https://www.euro-cordex.net/). Precipitation durations range from 1 to 72 hours. Regional Climate Models (RCMs) involved are: ALADIN63,COSMO, HadREM3, RCA4, RegCM4-6, and REMO2015. For each member, we considered both historical (1950-2005) and future (2006-2100) RCP8.5 scenarios. Simulations of four RCMs (out of a total of six) are also available for the past, with imposed “perfect” lateral boundary conditions following ERA-Interim reanalyses (1979-2019). In EURO-CORDEX, different RCMs can have (slightly) different grids and some RCMs (e.g. ALADIN63 and RegCM4-6) have a much different domain. For each RCM the correct bounds are given in the corresponding dataset. In contrast, the bounds given in the Experiment are smaller and can be found on the EURO-CORDEX website: https://euro-cordex.net/060374/index.php.en For practical applications, we also provide the regridded values on a common grid of 0.11° × 0.11° with spatial coverage of 28N−70N and 13W−35E. In Version 2, we supplemented the original dataset from Version 1 with the regridded data in a common grid. We also added evaluation runs (where available) and useful variables such as “surface elevation” (orog) and “land surface fraction” (sftlf) to all NetCDF files.

An operational, single-polarized X-band weather radar (WRX) provides measurements in Hamburg’s city center since 2013. This local area weather radar (LAWR) is located on the rooftop of the high-rise building "Geomatikum" in Hamburg (HHG), which is the location of the Meteorological Institute of the Universität Hamburg. The radar operates at one beam elevation angle with a high temporal 30 s, range 60 m, and sampling 1° resolution refining observations of the German nationwide C-band radars within a 20 km scan radius. Several sources of radar-based errors were adjusted gradually improving the measurement variables, e.g. the radar calibration, alignment, attenuation, noise, non-meteorologial echoes. This experiment includes data sets of the equivalent radar reflectivity factor (dbz) in level 1 (without attenuation correction) and the rainfall rate (rr) in level 2 (applied attenuation correction). The WRX/LAWR HHG measurements were calibrated and evaluated with measurements of micro rain radars (MRR). With this high-quality and -resolution weather radar product, refined studies on the spatial and temporal scale of urban precipitation will be possible. For example, the data sets will be used for further hydrological research in an urban area within the project Sustainable Adaption Scenarios for Urban Areas – Water from Four Sides of the Cluster of Excellence Climate Climatic Change, and Society (CliCCS). This work was partly funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany‘s Excellence Strategy – EXC 2037 'CLICCS - Climate, Climatic Change, and Society' – Project Number: 390683824, contribution to the Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN) of Universität Hamburg. Now a more recent version (Version 2) exists with the following changes: - We provide daily instead of hourly files to reduce the number of files for better data handling. For the days 23.09.2014, 12.03.2015, 09.06.2015, 05.07.2017, and 01.02.2018 there are two files to avoid additional time dependencies of variables because of changes in calibration or alignment parameters. - We changed the data type (double to int64) and the unit days since 1970-01-01 to seconds since 1970-01-01 of the time coordinate. - We changed the standard names / long names of the variables azimuth, range and ele. - We added the integer variable grid_mapping with the attributes grid_mapping_name ("radar_lidar_radial_scan"), latitude_of_projection_origin, longitude_of_projection_origin and height_of_projection_origin, as suggested by the CfRadial conventions. Since the grid_mapping variable provides the same information as the variables lat_center, lon_center and zsl_center, we removed them. We added the attribute grid_mapping to the variable rr and dbz.

The HEXE98 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (H): Grid point information (GRIB) T1T2 (HE): Precipitation A1 (X): Global Area (area not definable) A2 (E): 24 hours forecast T1ii (H98): Air priorities for the Earth's surface (Remarks from Volume-C: H+ 24 (GLOBAL MODEL) ACCUMULATED PRECIPITATION)

The HEXC98 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (H): Grid point information (GRIB) T1T2 (HE): Precipitation A1 (X): Global Area (area not definable) A2 (C): 12 hours forecast T1ii (H98): Air priorities for the Earth's surface (Remarks from Volume-C: H+ 12 (GLOBAL MODEL) ACCUMULATED PRECIPITATION)

The HEXS98 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (H): Grid point information (GRIB) T1T2 (HE): Precipitation A1 (X): Global Area (area not definable) A2 (S): 168 hours forecast T1ii (H98): Air priorities for the Earth's surface (Remarks from Volume-C: H+ 168 (GLOBAL MODEL) ACCUMULATED PRECIPITATION)