This is an atmospheric hindcast for Western Europe and the North Atlantic using COSMO-CLM version 5.0 with spectral nudging from 2002-2017. MERRA2 reanalysis data are used as forcing. Additionally transient and monthly aerosol data of the MACv2 climatology are prescribed. The model uses a rotated grid with 566 x 481 grid points and a grid point distance of 0.0625 degrees, the rotated North pole is located at 162.0 W, 39.25 N. The published data excludes the sponge zone and have 526 x 441 grid points. In rotated coordinates the published simulation data extends from 22.64 W to 10.18 E, 11.2 S to 16.3 N, in geographical coordinates this corresponds to about 12 W to 30 E, 39 N to 60 N. institution: Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Coastal Research, Germany source: int2lm_131101_2.00_clm4, COSMO-CLM5.0_clm14_aerosol_gust (available at DKRZ's LTA WDCC service), http://www.cosmo-model.org/content/model/documentation/core/default.htm contact: http://coastmod.hzg.de originator: Ronny Petrik crs: EPSG:4326

This is an atmospheric hindcast for Western Europe and the North Atlantic using COSMO-CLM version 5.0 with spectral nudging from 2002-2017. MERRA2 reanalysis data are used as forcing. Additionally transient and monthly aerosol data of the MACv2 climatology are prescribed. The model uses a rotated grid with 566 x 481 grid points and a grid point distance of 0.0625 degrees, the rotated North pole is located at 162.0 W, 39.25 N. The published data excludes the sponge zone and have 526 x 441 grid points. In rotated coordinates the published simulation data extends from 22.64 W to 10.18 E, 11.2 S to 16.3 N, in geographical coordinates this corresponds to about 12 W to 30 E, 39 N to 60 N. institution: Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Coastal Research, Germany source: int2lm_131101_2.00_clm4, COSMO-CLM5.0_clm14_aerosol_gust (available at DKRZ's LTA WDCC service), http://www.cosmo-model.org/content/model/documentation/core/default.htm contact: http://coastmod.hzg.de originator: Ronny Petrik crs: EPSG:4326

We analysed extreme precipitation over Southern Africa using high-resolution atmospheric CCLM simulations. The strongest precipitation occurs over Madagascar and the adjacent mainland. Extremes are generally stronger in the Summer Rainfall Zone than in the Winter Rainfall Zones, are projected to intensify along the South African coast, and the Agulhas Current has no discernible impact on rainfall events along the South African coast. We used three simulations with the atmospheric regional model CCLM (COSMO model in CLimate Mode, https://www.clm-community.eu, model version 5.0 clm10). These simulations cover Southern Africa (10°W-55°E, 0-55°S) and have a horizontal resolution of 16 km. A hindcast simulation is driven by the atmospheric reanalysis dataset JRA-55 (Kobayashi et al., 2015), covering 1958 to April 2019. The regional climate model is forced not only at the lateral boundaries but also constrained within the domain using spectral nudging (von Storch et al., 2017). This approach ensures consistency with the large-scale atmospheric circulation of the driving data while allowing the model to develop its own variability at smaller spatial scales. The historical simulation (1951-2013) and the scenario simulation (2014-2099), which incorporates the emissions scenario of greenhouse gases SSP5-8.5 (Lee et al., 2021), are driven by global climate simulations with the coupled model FOCI (Matthes et al., 2020, model version 1.14), with interactive ozone chemistry. The FOCI model includes a coupled ocean component (NEMO), which is configured at a high spatial resolution of 0.1° around Southern Africa. This allows for an explicit representation of key features of the Agulhas Current System, including its retroflection and leakage, which are relevant for regional ocean–atmosphere interactions. Our analysis, "The impact of the Agulhas Current system on precipitation in southern Africa in regional climate simulations covering the recent past and future", uses the same set of CCLM simulations (Tim et al., 2023). Using other FOCI1.14 simulations, Ivanciu et al. (2022) calculated the Agulhas Current and Agulhas Leakage in the same way and published the data here: https://zenodo.org/records/5013716.

This is a wave hindcast for the period 1995 - 2018 covering the North and Baltic Sea. The simulation has been performed with the spectral wave model WAM Version 4.6.2. The model domain covers the area from approx 49.2° N to 66.6° N and 9.8° W to 31.6° E, with a spatial resolution of 0.044 degree latitude x 0.044 degree longitude (approx. 5 by 5 km) on a rotated grid with the coordinates of the rotated north pole 140°W E and 32° N. Integrated parameter derived from 2D spectra are available every hour. Atmospheric forcing was obtained from the COSMO-REA6 regional atmospheric reanalysis (https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/qj.2486) provided by the German Weather Service (DWD) . Lateral boundary conditions were obtained from corresponding coarse grid hindcast covering most of the Northeast Atlantic driven by the same atmospheric forcing.

This is a hydrodynamic hindcast for the North Sea and the Northeast Atlantic over the period 1948-2022 and ongoing. Atmospheric forcing is the regional COSMO-CLM NCEP1 data. The simulation has been performed with the hydrodynamic model TRIM-NP V2.5 in barotropic 2D mode. FES tides are included. Water level and current component fields are stored hourly. The model is set up on an equidistant Cartesian grid cascade with the center near Helgoland (7.88 E, 54.18 N). The coarsest grid with 12.8 km resolution covers the area from 20 W to 30 E and from 42 N to 65 N. Further nested grids better resolve the North Sea (with 6.4km), southern North Sea (with 3.2km) and the German Bight (with 1.6km and 0.4km). Hourly model data from grid 1 (ssh) and grid 4 (ssh, u-current, v-current) are available in this data bank. For data from other grids or 20min temporal resolution please contact the authors.

This is a hydrodynamic hindcast for the North Sea and the Northeast Atlantic over the period 1995-2019. Atmospheric forcing is COSMO-REA6 high-resolution reconstruction (https://reanalysis.meteo.uni-bonn.de/?COSMO-REA6). The simulation has been performed with the hydrodynamic model TRIM-NP V2.5 in barotropic 2D mode. FES tides are included. Water level and current component fields are stored hourly/20min. The model is set up on an equidistant Cartesian grid cascade with the center near Helgoland (7.88 E, 54.18 N). The coarsest grid with 12.8 km resolution covers the area from 20 W to 30 E and from 42 N to 65 N. Further nested grids better resolve the North Sea (with 6.4km), southern North Sea (with 3.2km) and the German Bight (with 1.6km and 0.4km). Model data from grid 1 (ssh) and grid 4 (ssh, u-current, v-current) are available in this data bank. Please contact the authors for data from other grids or finer temporal resolution.

This is a wave hindcast for the period 1948 - 2021 covering the North and Baltic Sea. The simulation has been performed with the spectral wave model WAM Version 4.6.2. The model domain covers the area from approx 49.2° N to 66.6° N and 9.8° W to 31.6° E, with a spatial resolution of 0.044 degree latitude x 0.044 degree longitude (approx. 5 by 5 km) on a rotated grid with the coordinates of the rotated north pole 140°W E and 32° N. Integrated parameter derived from 2D spectra are available every hour. Atmospheric forcing was obtained from the coastDat3 COSMO-CLM-NCEP1 regional atmospheric hindcast. Lateral boundary conditions were obtained from corresponding coarse grid hindcast covering most of the Northeast Atlantic driven by the same atmospheric forcing.

This resource contains the monthly mean temperature at 850hPa [K] for 6 months. The period of hindcast data is January, 1993 - December, 2019. The format of resource is GRIB2. It is provided through the web site of WMO Lead Centre for LRF MME (Long Range Forecast Multi-Model Ensemble). The web site requests a user account. The Grade A(GPCs) and Grade B(NMHSs, RCCs) users can download the data USAGE: Menu: Data and Plot > Data Exchange > Search/Download. This hindcast data is made by GPC_Offenbach (DWD) using an operational seasonal prediction system. For more detailed information about the seasonal forecasts of GPC_Offenbach (DWD) visit the web site http://www.dwd.de/EN/ourservices/seasonals_forecasts/start.html.

This resource contains the monthly mean 500hPa geopotential height [gpm] for 6 months. The period of hindcast data is January, 1993 - December, 2019. The format of resource is GRIB2. It is provided through the web site of WMO Lead Centre for LRF MME (Long Range Forecast Multi-Model Ensemble). The web site requests a user account. The Grade A(GPCs) and Grade B(NMHSs, RCCs) users can download the data USAGE: Menu: Data and Plot > Data Exchange > Search/Download. This hindcast data is made by GPC_Offenbach (DWD) using an operational seasonal prediction system. For more detailed information about the seasonal forecasts of GPC_Offenbach (DWD) visit the web site http://www.dwd.de/EN/ourservices/seasonals_forecasts/start.html.

This resource contains the monthly mean u component of wind at 850hPa [m/s] for 6 months. The period of hindcast data is January, 1993 - December, 2019. The format of resource is GRIB2. It is provided through the web site of WMO Lead Centre for LRF MME (Long Range Forecast Multi-Model Ensemble). The web site requests a user account. The Grade A(GPCs) and Grade B(NMHSs, RCCs) users can download the data USAGE: Menu: Data and Plot > Data Exchange > Search/Download. This hindcast data is made by GPC_Offenbach (DWD) using an operational seasonal prediction system. For more detailed information about the seasonal forecasts of GPC_Offenbach (DWD) visit the web site http://www.dwd.de/EN/ourservices/seasonals_forecasts/start.html.