The basis of the Numerical Ocean Wave Prediction of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) is a 3rd generation spectral wave model (3G-WAveModel). Spectral models describe the sea state in terms of the 2-dimensional distribution of wave energy by frequency (or period or wave number) and propagation direction. In the current version, a resolution of 36 directions and 30 frequencies (wave periods between 1.5 and 24 seconds) is used. In the numerical model, the temporal evolution of the wave energy spectrum is calculated at a multi-tude of points of a grid stretched over the sea surface. The wave energy changes through the following physical processes: • Wave growth due to the downward momentum flux from the wind field • Wave propagation (advection, refraction) • Redistribution of energy between wavenumbers due to nonlinear interactions • Dissipation (internal friction and wave breaking) Similar to the chain of atmospheric models (ICON, ICON-EU and ICON-D2), the wave prediction system serves more than one forecast areas: the global model GWAM, the European model EWAM and the high-resolution coastal model CWAM. In the model, wave growth is forced by analyzed and predicted 10m winds of the atmospheric models.
The basis of the Numerical Ocean Wave Prediction of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) is a 3rd generation spectral wave model (3G-WAveModel). Spectral models describe the sea state in terms of the 2-dimensional distribution of wave energy by frequency (or period or wave number) and propagation direction. In the current version, a resolution of 36 directions and 30 frequencies (wave periods between 1.5 and 24 seconds) is used. In the numerical model, the temporal evolution of the wave energy spectrum is calculated at a multi-tude of points of a grid stretched over the sea surface. The wave energy changes through the following physical processes: • Wave growth due to the downward momentum flux from the wind field • Wave propagation (advection, refraction) • Redistribution of energy between wavenumbers due to nonlinear interactions • Dissipation (internal friction and wave breaking) Similar to the chain of atmospheric models (ICON, ICON-EU and ICON-D2), the wave prediction system serves more than one forecast areas: the global model GWAM, the European model EWAM and the high-resolution coastal model CWAM. In the model, wave growth is forced by analyzed and predicted 10m winds of the atmospheric models.
The basis of the Numerical Ocean Wave Prediction of the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) is a 3rd generation spectral wave model (3G-WAveModel). Spectral models describe the sea state in terms of the 2-dimensional distribution of wave energy by frequency (or period or wave number) and propagation direction. In the current version, a resolution of 36 directions and 30 frequencies (wave periods between 1.5 and 24 seconds) is used. In the numerical model, the temporal evolution of the wave energy spectrum is calculated at a multi-tude of points of a grid stretched over the sea surface. The wave energy changes through the following physical processes: • Wave growth due to the downward momentum flux from the wind field • Wave propagation (advection, refraction) • Redistribution of energy between wavenumbers due to nonlinear interactions • Dissipation (internal friction and wave breaking) Similar to the chain of atmospheric models (ICON, ICON-EU and ICON-D2), the wave prediction system serves more than one forecast areas: the global model GWAM, the European model EWAM and the high-resolution coastal model CWAM. In the model, wave growth is forced by analyzed and predicted 10m winds of the atmospheric models.
The PAAM40 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (P): Pictorial information (Binary coded) T1T2 (PA): Radar data (Remarks from Volume-C: 10103 BORKUM RADAR DATA)
The PTWG98 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (P): Pictorial information (Binary coded) T1T2 (PT): Temperature A2 (G): 36 hours forecast T1ii (P98): Air priorities for the Earth's surface (Remarks from Volume-C: H+36 forecast map for newspapers)
The PPON89 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (P): Pictorial information (Binary coded) T1T2 (PP): Pressure A2 (N): 108 hours forecast T1ii (P89): Any parameter reduced to sea level (eg MSLP) (Remarks from Volume-C: H+108 MSL pressure with fronts)
The PPOL89 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (P): Pictorial information (Binary coded) T1T2 (PP): Pressure A2 (L): 84 hours forecast T1ii (P89): Any parameter reduced to sea level (eg MSLP) (Remarks from Volume-C: H+84 MSL pressure with fronts)
The IXXD40 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IX): Other data types A2 (D): 90°E - 0° northern hemisphere (Remarks from Volume-C: LIGHTNING REPORT)