The WMS InSpEE (INSPIRE) provides information about the areal distribution of salt structures (salt domes and salt pillows) in Northern Germany. Contours of the salt structures can be displayed at horizontal cross-sections at four different depths up to a maximum depth of 2000 m below NN. The geodata have resulted from a BMWi-funded research project “InSpEE” running from the year 2012 to 2015. The acronym stands for "Information system salt structures: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air)”. Taking into account the fact that this work was undertaken at a scale for providing an overview and not for investigation of single structures, the scale of display is limited to a minimum of 1:300.000. Additionally four horizontal cross-section maps display the stratigraphical situation at a given depth. In concurrence of maps at different depths areal bedding conditions can be determined, e.g. to generally assess and interpret the spread of different stratigraphic units. Clearly visible are extent and shape of the salt structures within their regional context at the different depths, with extent and boundary of the salt structures having been the main focus of the project. Four horizontal cross-section maps covering the whole onshore area of Northern Germany have been developed at a scale of 1:500.000. The maps cover the depths of -500, -1000, -1500, -2000 m below NN. The four depths are based on typical depth requirements of existing salt caverns in Northern Germany, mainly related to hydrocarbon storage. The shapes of the structures show rudimentary information of their geometry and their change with depths. In addition they form the starting point for rock mechanical calculations necessary for the planning and construction of salt caverns for storage as well as for assessing storage potentials. The maps can be used as a pre-selection tool for subsurface uses. It can also be used to assess coverage and extension of salt structures. Offshore areas were not treated within the project. All horizontal cross-section maps were adjusted with the respective state geological survey organisations. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the WMS InSpEE (INSPIRE) provides INSPIRE-compliant data. The WMS InSpEE (INSPIRE) contains two group layers: The first group layer “INSPIRE: Salt structures in Northern Germany“ comprises the layers GE.Geologic.Unit.Salt structure types, GE.GeologicUnit.Salt pillow remnants, GE.GeologicUnit.Structure-building salinar and GE.GeologicUnit.Structural outlines. The layer GE.GeologicUnit.Structural outlines contains according to the four depths four sublayers, e.g. GE.GeologiUnit.Structural outlines 500 m below NN. The second group layer „INSPIRE: Horizontal cross-section maps of Northern Germany“ comprises according to the four depths four layers, e.g. Horizontal cross-section map – 500 m below NN. This layer, in turns, contains two sublayers: GE.GeologicFault.Relevant fault traces and GE.GeologicUnit.Stratigraphic Units. Via the getFeatureInfo request the user obtains additional information on the different geometries. In case of the GE.Geologic.Unit.Salt structure types the user gets access to a data sheet with additional information and further reading in German for the respective salt structure via the getFeatureInfo request.

InSpEE (INSPIRE) provides information about the areal distribution of salt structures (salt domes and salt pillows) in Northern Germany. Contours of the salt structures can be displayed at horizontal cross-sections at four different depths up to a maximum depth of 2000 m below NN. The geodata have resulted from a BMWi-funded research project “InSpEE” running from the year 2012 to 2015. The acronym stands for "Information system salt structures: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air)”. Additionally four horizontal cross-section maps display the stratigraphical situation at a given depth. In concurrence of maps at different depths areal bedding conditions can be determined, e.g. to generally assess and interpret the spread of different stratigraphic units. Clearly visible are extent and shape of the salt structures within their regional context at the different depths, with extent and boundary of the salt structures having been the main focus of the project. Four horizontal cross-section maps covering the whole onshore area of Northern Germany have been developed at a scale of 1:500.000. The maps cover the depths of -500, -1000, -1500, -2000 m below NN. The four depths are based on typical depth requirements of existing salt caverns in Northern Germany, mainly related to hydrocarbon storage. The shapes of the structures show rudimentary information of their geometry and their change with depths. In addition they form the starting point for rock mechanical calculations necessary for the planning and construction of salt caverns for storage as well as for assessing storage potentials. The maps can be used as a pre-selection tool for subsurface uses. It can also be used to assess coverage and extension of salt structures. Offshore areas were not treated within the project. All horizontal cross-section maps were adjusted with the respective state geological survey organisations. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the content of InSpEE (INSPIRE) is stored in 15 INSPIRE-compliant GML files: InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Salt_structure_types.gml contains the salt structure types (salt domes and salt pillows), InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Salt_pillow_remnants.gml comprises the salt pillow remnants, InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Structure_building_salinar.gml represents the structural salinar(s), the four files InSpEE_Structural_outlines_500.gml, InSpEE_Structural_outlines_1000.gml, InSpEE_Structural_outlines_1500.gml and InSpEE_Structural_outlines_2000.gml represent the structural outlines in the corresponding horizontal cross-sections, the four files InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Cross_Section_500, InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Cross_Section_1000, InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Cross_Section_1500 and InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Cross_Section_2000 display the stratigraphical situation in the corresponding horizontal cross-sections and the four files InSpEE_GeologicStructure_500.gml, InSpEE_GeologicStructure_1000.gml, InSpEE_GeologicStructure_1500.gml and InSpEE_GeologicStructure_2000.gml comprise the relevant fault traces in the corresponding horizontal cross-sections. The GML files together with a Readme.txt file are provided in ZIP format (InSpEE-INSPIRE.zip). The Readme.text file (German/English) contains detailed information on the GML files content. Data transformation was proceeded by using the INSPIRE Solution Pack for FME according to the INSPIRE requirements.

Stromerzeugung aus erneuerbaren Energien unterteilt nach Energieträger als Kreisdiagramm je Landkreis in Bayern.

Horizontal cross-section maps display the geological situation at a given depth. In concurrence of maps at different depths areal bedding conditions can be determined, e.g. to generally assess and interpret the spread of different stratigraphic units. Clearly visible are extent and shape of the salt structures within their regional context at the different depths, with extent and boundary of the salt structures having been the main focus of the project. Four horizontal cross-section maps covering the whole onshore area of Northern Germany have been developed at a scale of 1:500.000. The maps cover the depths of -500, -1000, -1500, -2000 m below NN. The four depths were selected by the project partners and are based on typical depth requirements of existing salt caverns in Northern Germany, mainly related to hydrocarbon storage. The shapes of the structures show rudimentary information of their geometry and their change with depths. In addition they form the starting point for rock mechanical calculations necessary for the planning and construction of salt caverns for storage as well as for assessing storage potentials. The maps can be used as a pre-selection tool for subsurface uses. It can also be used to assess coverage and extension of salt structures. As, at the time of preparation of the maps, energy storage and cavern operation in offshore areas could not be assumed as a priority, such areas were not treated within the project. All horizontal cross-section maps were adjusted with the respective state geological survey organisations.

Horizontal cross-section maps display the geological situation at a given depth. In concurrence of maps at different depths areal bedding conditions can be determined, e.g. to generally assess and interpret the spread of different stratigraphic units. Clearly visible are extent and shape of the salt structures within their regional context at the different depths, with extent and boundary of the salt structures having been the main focus of the project. Four horizontal cross-section maps covering the whole onshore area of Northern Germany have been developed at a scale of 1:500.000. The maps cover the depths of -500, -1000, -1500, -2000 m below NN. The four depths were selected by the project partners and are based on typical depth requirements of existing salt caverns in Northern Germany, mainly related to hydrocarbon storage. The shapes of the structures show rudimentary information of their geometry and their change with depths. In addition they form the starting point for rock mechanical calculations necessary for the planning and construction of salt caverns for storage as well as for assessing storage potentials. The maps can be used as a pre-selection tool for subsurface uses. It can also be used to assess coverage and extension of salt structures. As, at the time of preparation of the maps, energy storage and cavern operation in offshore areas could not be assumed as a priority, such areas were not treated within the project. All horizontal cross-section maps were adjusted with the respective state geological survey organisations.

The application “Information System Salt Structures” provides information about the areal distribution of salt structures (stocks and pillows) in Northern Germany. With general structural describing information, such as depth, secondary thickness, types of use or state of exploration, queries can be conducted. Contours of the salt structures can be displayed at horizontal cross-sections at four different depths up to a maximum depth of 2000 m below NN. A data sheet with information and further reading is provided for every single salt structure. Taking into account the fact that this work was undertaken at a scale for providing an overview and not for investigation of single structures, the scale of display is limited to a minimum of 1:300.000. This web application is the product of a BMWi-funded research project “InSpEE” running from the year 2012 to 2015. The acronym stands for Information system salt structures: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air)”.

In der Karte wird eine Auswahl bedeutender Heizkraft- und Heizwerke mit einer Wärmeleistung von je mehr als 20 MW dargestellt. Diese 34 Anlagen gehören nach der 4. Bundes-Immissionsschutz-Verordnung zur sogenannten Gruppe01 (Wärmeerzeugung, Bergbau, Energie), deren Anzahl seit 1989 von 954 auf 243 (Stand 2000) zurückgegangen ist. Dieser der Rückgang ist sehr deutlich. Hierbei handelt es sich aber oft nicht um Stillegung von Anlagen, sondern um Brennstoffumstellungen, beispielsweise von Kohle oder Erdöl auf Erdgas. Durch diese Umrüstung fallen die Anlagen wegen der geringeren Schadstoffemissionen oft aus der Genehmigungspflicht und werden nicht mehr der Verursachergruppe Industrie, sondern dem Hausbrand zugeordnet. Damit sind sie dann in der Karte überwiegende Hezungsarten (Umweltatlas Berlin) als nicht genehmigungsbedürtige Anlagen berücksichtigt. Die Karte verdeutlicht die auch im Kraftwerksbereich in den letzten Jahren vorgenommenen Angleichungen beim Energieträgereinsatz zwischen "westlichen" und "östlichen" Standorten. Lediglich das Heizkraftwerk Klingenberg fällt noch durch den überwiegenden Einsatz von Braunkohle auf. Das "Rückrat" des Energieträgereinsatzes in den Berliner Kraftwerken stellen Steinkohle und Erdgas. Größter Fernwärmeversorger in Berlin ist die BEWAG, die über ein Rohrleitungssystem von mehr als 1100 km Länge verfügt und ein Versorgungsgebiet von rund 100 km² abdeckt. Daneben existieren jedoch auch etliche dezentrale Inselnetze, wie etwa das seit den 20er Jahren bestehender Versorgungsgebiet des Fernheizwerkes Neukölln. Weitere dezentrale ältere Lösungen sind die Fernwärmenetze des Märkische Viertel in Reinickendorf und für die Gropiusstadt in Neukölln (HKW Rudow). Mit dem Einsetzen der klimaschutz- und energiesparbezogenen Diskussion seit etwa Mitte der achtziger Jahre nahm auch der Ausbau der verbrauchsnahen Kraftwärmekopplung durch Blockheizkraftwerke stark zu. Es entstanden und entstehen weiterhin zahlreiche weitere Nahwärmesysteme mit eigenen Heizwerken oder Blockheizkraftwerken unterschiedlicher Betreiber.

Gemäß der Verordnung über Emissionserklärungen (11.BImSchV) sind für genehmigungsbedürftige Anlagen nach der 4.BImSchV Emissionserklärungen abzugeben. Die Daten stellen für 2016 die Anteile der Energieträger am Brennstoffeinsatz dar.