This collection contains surface NO2 concentrations for Germany derived from Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI data. The Sentinel-5P NO2 data is generated by DLR and provided in the framework of the mFUND-Project "S-VELD". The surface NO2 data are concentrations with the unit "µg/m3". Sentinel-5P observes Germany once per day at ~12:00 UTC. These daily observations are gridded onto a regular UTM grid. The day and measurement time are included in the netCDF data file. Only surface NO2 data for cloud-free Sentinel-5P measurements are provided (cloud fraction less than ~0.2). Sentinel-5P cloud fraction data is included in this collection as well.

This collection contains monthly mean surface NO2 concentrations for Germany derived from Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI data. The Sentinel-5P NO2 data is generated by DLR and provided in the framework of the mFUND-Project "S-VELD". The surface NO2 data are concentrations with the unit "μg/m3". Sentinel-5P observes Germany once per day at ~12:00 UTC and only cloud-free measurements (cloud fraction less than ~0.2) are used. The Sentinel-5P surface NO2 data within each month are averaged and gridded onto a regular UTM grid. The number of measurements used in the calculation of the averaged value are included in this collection as well.

This landcover map was produced with a classification method developed in the project incora (Inwertsetzung von Copernicus-Daten für die Raumbeobachtung, mFUND Förderkennzeichen: 19F2079C) in cooperation with ILS (Institut für Landes- und Stadtentwicklungsforschung gGmbH) and BBSR (Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung) funded by BMVI (Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure). The goal of incora is an analysis of settlement and infrastructure dynamics in Germany based on Copernicus Sentinel data. This classification is based on a time-series of monthly averaged, atmospherically corrected Sentinel-2 tiles (MAJA L3A-WASP: https://geoservice.dlr.de/web/maps/sentinel2:l3a:wasp; DLR (2019): Sentinel-2 MSI - Level 2A (MAJA-Tiles)- Germany). It consists of the following landcover classes: 10: forest 20: low vegetation 30: water 40: built-up 50: bare soil 60: agriculture Potential training and validation areas were automatically extracted using spectral indices and their temporal variability from the Sentinel-2 data itself as well as the following auxiliary datasets: - OpenStreetMap (Map data copyrighted OpenStreetMap contributors and available from htttps://www.openstreetmap.org) - Copernicus HRL Imperviousness Status Map 2018 (© European Union, Copernicus Land Monitoring Service 2018, European Environment Agency (EEA)) - S2GLC Land Cover Map of Europe 2017 (Malinowski et al. 2020: Automated Production of Land Cover/Use Map of Europe Based on Sentinel-2 Imagery. Remote Sens. 2020, 12(21), 3523; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12213523) - Germany NUTS administrative areas 1:250000 (© GeoBasis-DE / BKG 2020 / dl-de/by-2-0 / https://gdz.bkg.bund.de/index.php/default/nuts-gebiete-1-250-000-stand-31-12-nuts250-31-12.html) - Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2020), processed by mundialis Processing was performed for blocks of federal states and individual maps were mosaicked afterwards. For each class 100,000 pixels from the potential training areas were extracted as training data. An exemplary validation of the classification results was perfomed for the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia as its open data policy allows for direct access to official data to be used as reference. Rules to convert relevant ATKIS Basis-DLM object classes to the incora nomenclature were defined. Subsequently, 5.000 reference points were randomly sampled and their classification in each case visually examined and, if necessary, revised to obtain a robust reference data set. The comparison of this reference data set with the incora classification yielded the following results: overall accurary: 88.4% class: user's accuracy / producer's accurary (number of reference points n) forest: 95.0% / 93.8% (1410) low vegetation: 73.4% / 86.5% (844) water: 98.5% / 92.8% (69) built-up: 98.9% / 95.8% (983) bare soil: 23.9% / 82.9% (41) agriculture: 94.6% / 83.2% (1653) Incora report with details on methods and results: pending

The service contains the published status of the spatial stipulations of the site development plan as an additional source of information. The planning scale of the plan is 1:400,000. The published documents are authoritative.

For the calculation of the data "AIS Vessel Density", the data of the Universal Shipborne Automatic Identification System (AIS) were evaluated with regard to various parameters and ship types under stochastic aspects. The data are requested once a year for the past year from the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA). Among others, the information is collected and stored for the purpose of securing maritime traffic and is used for the manufacture of products produced for navigation by the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH). The data "AIS Vessel Density" represent the mean spatial density distribution of the ships. The mean spatial ship density is the current number of ships that could be expected in a defined area (grid cell) at any time during a reference period under consideration. The counting distinguishes between five types of vessels: fishing vessels, cargo vessels, tankers, passenger vessels and all vessels. For more information, please visit: https://data.bsh.de/SpatialData/Main/AIS_VD_TIME/Dokumentation_Schiffsdichte_DE.pdf

The service contains the published status of the spatial stipulations of the site development plan as an additional source of information. The planning scale of the plan is 1:400,000. The published documents are authoritative.

For the calculation of the data "AIS Vessel Traffic Density", the data of the Universal Shipborne Automatic Identification System (AIS) were evaluated with regard to various parameters and ship types under stochastic aspects. The data are requested once a year for the past year from the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA). Among others, the information is collected and stored for the purpose of securing maritime traffic and is used for the manufacture of products produced for navigation by the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH). The data "AIS Vessel Traffic Density" represent the mean spatio-temporal density distribution of the ships. This is the average number of ships that have passed through a defined area (grid cell) in a certain period of time. The counting distinguishes between five types of vessels: fishing vessels, cargo vessels, tankers, passenger vessels and all vessels. For more information, please visit: https://data.bsh.de/SpatialData/Main/AIS_VTD_TIME/Dokumentation_Schiffsverkehrsdichte_DE.pdf

The hyperspectral instrument DESIS (DLR Earth Sensing Imaging Spectrometer) is one of four possible payloads of MUSES (Multi-User System for Earth Sensing), which is mounted on the International Space Station (ISS). DLR developed and delivered a Visual/Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer to Teledyne Brown Engineering, which was responsible for integrating the instrument. Teledyne Brown designed and constructed, integrated and tested the platform before delivered to NASA. Teledyne Brown collaborates with DLR in several areas, including basic and applied research for use of data. DESIS is operated in the wavelength range from visible through the near infrared and enables precise data acquisition from Earth's surface for applications including fire-detection, change detection, maritime domain awareness, and atmospheric research. Three product types can be ordered, which are Level 1B (systematic and radiometric corrected), Level 1C (geometrically corrected) and Level 2A (atmospherically corrected). The spatial resolution is about 30m on ground. DESIS is sensitive between 400nm and 1000nm with a spectral resolution of about 3.3nm. DESIS data are delivered in tiles of about 30x30km. For more information concerning DESIS the reader is referred to https://www.dlr.de/eoc/en/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-13614/

This landcover map was produced as an intermediate result in the course of the project incora (Inwertsetzung von Copernicus-Daten für die Raumbeobachtung, mFUND Förderkennzeichen: 19F2079C) in cooperation with ILS (Institut für Landes- und Stadtentwicklungsforschung gGmbH) and BBSR (Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung) funded by BMVI (Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure). The goal of incora is an analysis of settlement and infrastructure dynamics in Germany based on Copernicus Sentinel data. This classification is based on a time-series of monthly averaged, atmospherically corrected Sentinel-2 tiles (MAJA L3A-WASP: https://geoservice.dlr.de/web/maps/sentinel2:l3a:wasp; DLR (2019): Sentinel-2 MSI - Level 2A (MAJA-Tiles)- Germany). It consists of the following landcover classes: 10: forest 20: low vegetation 30: water 40: built-up 50: bare soil 60: agriculture Potential training and validation areas were automatically extracted using spectral indices and their temporal variability from the Sentinel-2 data itself as well as the following auxiliary datasets: - OpenStreetMap (Map data copyrighted OpenStreetMap contributors and available from htttps://www.openstreetmap.org) - Copernicus HRL Imperviousness Status Map 2018 (© European Union, Copernicus Land Monitoring Service 2018, European Environment Agency (EEA)) - S2GLC Land Cover Map of Europe 2017 (Malinowski et al. 2020: Automated Production of Land Cover/Use Map of Europe Based on Sentinel-2 Imagery. Remote Sens. 2020, 12(21), 3523; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12213523) - Germany NUTS administrative areas 1:250000 (© GeoBasis-DE / BKG 2020 / dl-de/by-2-0 / https://gdz.bkg.bund.de/index.php/default/nuts-gebiete-1-250-000-stand-31-12-nuts250-31-12.html) - Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2016), processed by mundialis Processing was performed for blocks of federal states and individual maps were mosaicked afterwards. For each class 100,000 pixels from the potential training areas were extracted as training data. An exemplary validation of the classification results was perfomed for the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia as its open data policy allows for direct access to official data to be used as reference. Rules to convert relevant ATKIS Basis-DLM object classes to the incora nomenclature were defined. Subsequently, 5.000 reference points were randomly sampled and their classification in each case visually examined and, if necessary, revised to obtain a robust reference data set. The comparison of this reference data set with the incora classification yielded the following results: overall accurary: 88.4% class: user's accuracy / producer's accurary (number of reference points n) forest: 96.7% / 94.3% (1410) low vegetation: 70.6% / 84.0% (844) water: 98.5% / 94.2% (69) built-up: 98.2% / 89.8% (983) bare soil: 19.7% / 58.5% (41) agriculture: 91.7% / 85.3% (1653) Incora report with details on methods and results: pending