Points of Interest (Punkte von Interesse) beinhalten bodenkundliche Punktdaten des Geologischen Diensts NRW. Der WMS stellt Entnahmepunkte von Lackprofilen und die Standorte der Bodenfeuchte-Messstationen bereit. Als Links angebunden sind ausführliche Lackprofilbeschreibungen und tagesaktuelle Messwerte der Bodenfeuchte-Messstationen.

The field capacity of a soil specifies the amount of water that remains in the soil after gravity has drained all excess water following, for instance, a major rain event. It is defined as the water content of a soil at pF 1.8. Water content at field capacity as shown in this dataset is added up for all soil horizons down to 1 m below the surface and later classified into groups ranging from very low to very high. For mineral soils, field capacity values are computed by pedotransfer functions using soil texture type, humus content and effective packing density information. Share of coarse fragments and hard rock are considered as non-water holding volume. The input parameter are themselves estimates made by soil surveyors in the field from soil material collected using soil augers.

Soil erodibility expresses how susceptible a soil is of being eroded by water. To quantify that risk the K-factor of the German implementation (ABAG) of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is used. The K-factor as shown in this dataset is classified into groups ranging from very low to very high. K-factor values are derived from lookup tables based on classes of soil texture. They are subsequently corrected depending on the stoniness of a soil and its humus content. The input parameter are themselves estimates made by soil surveyors in the field from soil material collected using soil augers. Note that the K-factor is only calculated for agricultural soils and solely represents topsoil horizons.

Das Feature Types Soil Body umfasst die weiteren feature Types Derived Soil Profile und Soil Horizon

The potential cation exchange capacity is a measure of a soils ability to store ions which are positively charged. Cation exchange capacity as shown in this dataset is added up for all soil horizons down to 1 m below the surface and later classified into groups ranging from very low to very high. For mineral soils, cation exchange capacity values are computed by pedotransfer functions using clay and silt percentages derived from soil texture classes as well as humus content. The input parameter are themselves estimates made by soil surveyors in the field from soil material collected using soil augers.

Water Permeability (hydraulic conducivity) is an important soil physical property describing the speed at which water moves through a fully saturated soil. Hydraulic conductivity values (kf values) as shown in this dataset are added up for all soil horizons down to 1 m below the surface. They are then classified into six groups ranging from very low to extremely high. For mineral soils, kf values are computed by pedotransfer functions using soil texture type, humus content and effective packing density information. These input parameter are themselves estimates made by soil surveyors in the field from soil material collected using soil augers.

The Soil Composite Mapping Processor (SCMaP) is a new approach designed to make use of per-pixel compositing to overcome the issue of limited soil exposure due to vegetation. Three primary product levels are generated that will allow for a long term assessment and distribution of soils that include the distribution of exposed soils, a statistical information related to soil use and intensity and the generation of exposed soil reflectance image composites. The resulting composite maps provide useful value-added information on soils with the exposed soil reflectance composites showing high spatial coverage that correlate well with existing soil maps and the underlying geological structural regions.

Das Feature Types Soil Body umfasst die weiteren feature Types Derived Soil Profile und Soil Horizon

Plant available water capacity, also known as available water-holding capacity, is a key soil attribute as it quantifies the amount of a soil's water available for plants. More precisely, the available water-holding capacity is defined as the amount of water held by soil mesopores, i.e. between field capacity (pF 1.8) and permanent wilting point (pF 4.2). Plant available water capacity as shown in this dataset is added up for all soil horizons down to 1 m below the surface and later classified into groups ranging from very low to very high. For mineral soils, plant available water capacity values are computed by pedotransfer functions using soil texture type, humus content and effective packing density information. Share of coarse fragments and hard rock are considered as non-water holding volume. The input parameter are themselves estimates made by soil surveyors in the field from soil material collected using soil augers.

The SoilSuite contains a collection of different image data products that provide information about the spectral and statistical properties of soils and other bare surfaces of three East-African countries (Rwanda, Kenya and Ethiopia). It is created using DLR's Soil Composite Mapping Processor (ScMAP), which utilises the Sentinel-2 data archive. SCMaP is a specialised processing chain for detecting and analysing bare soils/surfaces on a large (continental) scale. Bare surface and soil pixels are selected using a combined NDVI and NBR index (PVIR2) that optimises the exclusion of photosynthetically active and non-active vegetation. The index is calculated and applied for each individual pixel. All SoilSuite products are calculated based on the available Sentinel-2 scenes recorded between January 2018 and December 2021 in the target region. The data package excludes all scenes with a cloud cover of larger than 80 percent and a sun elevation of less than 20 degrees. The spectral composite products are calculated from the mean value after extensive removal of clouds, haze and snow effects at both scene and pixel level. The spectral data products are available at a pixel size of 20 m and contain 10 Sentinel-2 bands (B02, B03, B04, B05, B06, B07, B08, B08a, B11, B12). The SoilSuite comprises: (a) “Bare Surface Reflectance Composite – Mean” that provides the spectral properties of soils that vary due to different soil organic carbon (SOC) content, soil moisture and soil minerology. This product is often used for spectral and digital soil mapping approaches, (b) “Bare Surface Reflectance Composite - Standard deviation” informing about the spectral dynamic of bare surfaces and soils, (c) “Bare Surface Reflectance Composite – 95% Confidence” contains information about the reliability of the spectral information due to the number of valid observations per pixel, (d) “Bare Surface Statistics Product” provides the number of bare soil occurrences over the total number of valid observations (Band 1), the number of bare soil occurrences (Band 2) and the total number of valid observations (Band 3), (e) “Mask” is a product that aggregates simple landcover classes that occur during the time period between 2018 - 2021 (Sentinel-2). The three-class Mask contains bare surface occurrences (1), permanent vegetation (2) and other surfaces such as water bodies, urban areas, roads (3). Additionally, the SoilSuite provides (f) “Reflectance Composite – Mean” that represents the mean reflectance of all valid Sentinel-2 observations between 2018 – 2021 including vegetation, bare and other surfaces, and (g) “Reflectance Composite – Standard deviation”, which contains the standard deviation per band for all valid Sentinel-2 observations between 2018 – 2021. The SoilSuite Africa was produced as part of the Earth Observation-based derivation of soil information funded by the project 'Land, Soil and Crop Information Services (LSC-IS) to support Climate-Smart Agriculture (DeSIRA)'. LSC-IS is funded by the European Union through its DeSIRA program and the Netherlands' Ministry of Foreign Affairs, with a contribution from ISRIC - World Soil Information.